Smart Immigration Lawyer

212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver Approved for B-1/B-2 Visa Applicant Charged with Fraud/Misrepresentation and Conviction of Crimes involving Moral Turpitude

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212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver Approved for B-1/B-2 Visa Applicant Charged with Fraud/Misrepresentation and Conviction of Crimes involving Moral Turpitude

We recently received approval for a 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver prepared on behalf of a South Korean client who was subject to a life-time bar from entering the United States due to being charged with fraud/misrepresentation pursuant to INA Section 212(a)(6)(C)(i) and multiple convictions of Crimes Involving Moral Turpitude under INA Section 212(a)(2)(A)(i).

Our client previously attended middle school, high school, and university in the United States before returning to his native country of South Korea. He recently attempted to re-enter the United States as a temporary visitor to visit his family members and long-time friends, as well as pursue an entrepreneurial venture in partnership with a U.S.-based company.

He was denied entry due to being charged with fraud/misrepresentation under INA Section 212(a)(6)(C)(i) and multiple convictions of Crimes Involving Moral Turpitude under INA Section 212(a)(2)(A)(i). He subsequently contacted my office for assistance in obtaining a waiver of both INA Section 212(a)(6)(C)(i) and 212(a)(2)(A)(i) , as well as approval of a B-1/B-2 visa to temporarily visit the U.S. in the future.

We prepared a comprehensive 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver in the form of a fourteen-page legal brief discussing the three legal factors set forth by Matter of Hranka, 16 I&N Dec. 491 (BIA 1978). We also submitted twelve separate exhibits supporting all of the factors set forth in our memorandum including: numerous affidavits; financial documentation; police reports and court records; military service records; business presentations and documentation; along with other vital evidence we have found necessary to secure approval of the 212(d)(3) waiver.

In the case, Matter of Hranka, 16 I&N Dec. 491 (BIA 1978), the Board of Immigration Appeals reversed a district director’s denial of a waiver application filed by a Canadian woman who had been deported for engaging in prostitution and admitted to previous heroin use.  She filed her application only two years after having been deported.  She requested entry to visit relatives and engage in various tourist activities.

In overturning the district director’s decision to deny the application, the BIA accepted as proof of rehabilitation letters from the applicant’s mother, and the principal of the high school the applicant had attended, who is a psychologist.  It held that the applicant’s reasons for entering the United States need not be compelling.  The BIA articulated three criteria for granting a waiver under INA 212(d)(3)

1.      The risks of harm in admitting the applicant;

2.      The seriousness of the acts that caused the inadmissibility; and

3.      The importance of the applicant’s reason for seeking entry.

Both Department of State and the Foreign Affairs Manual specify that any nonimmigrant may request a waiver as long as his or her presence would not be detrimental to the United States.  They provide that “while the exercise of discretion and good judgment is essential, generally, consular officers may recommend waivers for any legitimate purpose such as family visits, medical treatment (whether or not available abroad), business conferences, tourism, etc.” See 22 CFR 40.301 Foreign Affairs Manual (FAM) 40.301 N3.  Furthermore, the Admissibility Review Office has confirmed that it will follow and adhere to Matter of Hranka in adjudicating requests for INA 212(d)(3) waivers.

In our client’s case, we addressed each of the factors laid out by Matter of Hranka emphasizing the importance of our client’s reason for entering the U.S.: namely, the vital importance of allowing a prior student of the United States educational system to re-visit the U.S. and visit his long-time friends; allowing our client to visit his U.S. citizen relatives who he has not seen for over 7+ years; and to facilitate the growth of the U.S. economy and promote international trade by allowing our client to meet with a U.S. company that he has entered into a contractual business agreement with.

We emphasized the non-existent risk of our client overstaying or violating the terms of a B-1/B-2 visa, given his ownership and operation of a South Korean company that requires his day-to-day managerial and operational presence; his prior lawful presence in the United States as a foreign student on a valid F-1 visa; our client’s intimate support and long-term commitment to his parents, who rely upon our client for their overall care and payment of household expenses; and our client’s legitimate business need to meet with a U.S. company, with whom he has entered into a contractual agreement.

Based upon these factors, our client was first recommended for the 212(d)(3) waiver by the interviewing consular officer at the U.S. embassy; then later approved for the 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver by the Admissibility Review Office in Washington D.C.; and finally, for the B-1/B-2 Visitor Visa.

These types of cases are difficult to get approved due to the tendency of US consular officers to attribute “immigrant intent” to non-immigrant visa applicants and consequently, refuse recommendation of the 212(d)(3) waiver.  This was especially so in this case because our client had multiple grounds of inadmissibility which he was subject to.

Due to our extensive preparation of the waiver and lobbying undertaken to ensure its adequate consideration and review by the U.S. consulate, our client is now able to enter the United States, visit his family members and long-time friends, and further the success of his entrepreneurial venture.

212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver for E-2 Treaty Investor Visa Application Approved

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212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver for E-2 Treaty Investor Visa Application Approved

We received  approval for the 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver prepared on behalf of a client who was subject to the fraud/misrepresentation life-time bar pursuant to INA Section 212(a)(6)(C)(i).

Our client is the owner of a US start-up company which develops, markets, and operates cost-effective web and mobile applications for small-scale organizations.  He contacted my office to help him obtain approval of the 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver so that he could enter the U.S. as an E-2 Treaty Investor Visa Holder to direct and manage his start-up more effectively. 

We subsequently prepared a comprehensive 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver  in the form of a legal brief discussing the three legal factors set forth by Matter of Hranka, 16 I&N Dec. 491 (BIA 1978).

In the case, Matter of Hranka, 16 I&N Dec. 491 (BIA 1978), the Board of Immigration Appeals reversed a district director’s denial of a waiver application filed by a Canadian woman who had been deported for engaging in prostitution and admitted to previous heroin use.  She filed her application only two years after having been deported.  She requested entry to visit relatives and engage in various tourist activities.

In overturning the district director’s decision to deny the application, the BIA accepted as proof of rehabilitation letters from the applicant’s mother, and the principal of the high school the applicant had attended, who is a psychologist.  It held that the applicant’s reasons for entering the United States need not be compelling.  The BIA articulated three criteria for granting a waiver under INA 212(d)(3)

1.      The risks of harm in admitting the applicant;

2.      The seriousness of the acts that caused the inadmissibility; and

3.      The importance of the applicant’s reason for seeking entry.

Both Department of State and the Foreign Affairs Manual specify that any nonimmigrant may request a waiver as long as his or her presence would not be detrimental to the United States.  They provide that “while the exercise of discretion and good judgment is essential, generally, consular officers may recommend waivers for any legitimate purpose such as family visits, medical treatment (whether or not available abroad), business conferences, tourism, etc.” See 22 CFR 40.301 Foreign Affairs Manual (FAM) 40.301 N3.  Furthermore, the Admissibility Review Office has confirmed that it will follow and adhere to Matter of Hranka in adjudicating requests for INA 212(d)(3) waivers.

In our client’s case, we addressed each of the factors laid out by Matter of Hranka including but not limited to:

  • The non-existent risk of our client overstaying or violating the terms of an E-2 visa, given the substantial amount of capital already invested in his U.S. start-up; the revenues currently being generated by the company; large-order commitments by U.S. customers; our client’s personal history which demonstrates a truly dedicated focus on bring his product and company vision to fruition; as well as our client’s personal and financial ties to his home country (where he owns property, operates another company, and where all of his close family members reside)
  • An extensive set of mitigating factors as it relates to the violation that caused our client’s inadmissibility
  • Our client’s history of recognized leadership and accomplishments in business and technology, including a demonstrated commitment to public service and contributing towards a better civic society
  • A variety of positive factors unique to our client’s situation that clearly warranted favorable discretion on the part of the US consular officer and the Admissibility Review Office

Based upon these factors, our client was approved for the 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver by the Admissibility Review Office in Washington D.C., and subsequently, for the E-2 Treaty Investor Visa.  These types of cases are difficult to get approved due to the tendency of US consular officers to categorically reject non-immigrant visa applications with only a cursory review when a ground of inadmissibility is present.

Due to our extensive preparation of the waiver and careful lobbying undertaken to ensure its adequate consideration and review by the U.S. consulate, our client is now able to enter the United States and further the success of his promising technology-based start-up.

Client Approval: 212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver Approved for Fraud/Misrepresentation

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212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver Approved for Fraud/Misrepresentation

We recently received approval for a 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver prepared on behalf of a Chinese client who was subject to the fraud/misrepresentation life-time bar pursuant to INA Section 212(a)(6)(C)(i).

Our client was previously employed in the U.S. under the H-1B visa and had an EB-1 category immigrant visa petition filed on his behalf. Unfortunately, after self-preparing a TN visa application on his own, our client and his spouse were denied entry into the U.S. and both charged with fraud/misrepresentation due to inaccuracies discovered in their USCIS and Dept. of State application forms.

Years later, our client attempted to enter the U.S. temporarily for business purposes but was denied at the US consulate.  He subsequently contacted my office for assistance in obtaining a waiver of INA Section 212(a)(6)(C)(i) and approval of a B-1 visa to temporarily visit the U.S. to attend an industry conference and meet with business partners.

We prepared a comprehensive 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver  in the form of a legal brief discussing the three legal factors set forth by Matter of Hranka, 16 I&N Dec. 491 (BIA 1978).

In the case, Matter of Hranka, 16 I&N Dec. 491 (BIA 1978), the Board of Immigration Appeals reversed a district director’s denial of a waiver application filed by a Canadian woman who had been deported for engaging in prostitution and admitted to previous heroin use.  She filed her application only two years after having been deported.  She requested entry to visit relatives and engage in various tourist activities.

In overturning the district director’s decision to deny the application, the BIA accepted as proof of rehabilitation letters from the applicant’s mother, and the principal of the high school the applicant had attended, who is a psychologist.  It held that the applicant’s reasons for entering the United States need not be compelling.  The BIA articulated three criteria for granting a waiver under INA 212(d)(3)

1.      The risks of harm in admitting the applicant;

2.      The seriousness of the acts that caused the inadmissibility; and

3.      The importance of the applicant’s reason for seeking entry.

Both Department of State and the Foreign Affairs Manual specify that any nonimmigrant may request a waiver as long as his or her presence would not be detrimental to the United States.  They provide that “while the exercise of discretion and good judgment is essential, generally, consular officers may recommend waivers for any legitimate purpose such as family visits, medical treatment (whether or not available abroad), business conferences, tourism, etc.” See 22 CFR 40.301 Foreign Affairs Manual (FAM) 40.301 N3.  Furthermore, the Admissibility Review Office has confirmed that it will follow and adhere to Matter of Hranka in adjudicating requests for INA 212(d)(3) waivers.

In our client’s case, we addressed each of the factors laid out by Matter of Hranka emphasizing the importance of our client’s reason for entering the U.S.: namely, the vital importance of the products provided by our client’s company which is utilized by U.S. companies in projects integral to the national security and defense of the United States.

We emphasized the non-existent risk of our client overstaying or violating the terms of a B-1 visa, given the substantial venture capital funding raised by his China-based start-up; the number of employees employed by our client’s company; our client’s stellar background of executive and technological accomplishments; as well as his personal and financial ties to China and Canada (where his immediate family resides).

Based upon these factors, our client was approved for the 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver by the Admissibility Review Office in Washington D.C., and subsequently, for the B-1 Visitor Visa.  These types of cases are difficult to get approved due to the tendency of US consular officers to attribute “immigrant intent” to non-immigrant visa applicants and consequently, refuse recommendation of the 212(d)(3) waiver.  This was especially so in this case because our client had demonstrated immigrant intent in the past through the EB-1 category immigrant visa petition that was filed on his behalf.

Due to our extensive preparation of the waiver and repeated lobbying undertaken to ensure its adequate consideration and review by the U.S. consulate, our client is now able to enter the United States and further the success of his fast-growing company.

Client Approval: 212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver Approved for 10 Year Unlawful Presence Bar

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Client Approval: 212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver Approved for 10 Year Unlawful Presence Bar

We recently received approval for a 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver prepared on behalf of a Russian client who was subject to the 10 year “unlawful presence” bar pursuant to INA Section 212(a)(9)(B)(i)(II).  She entered the U.S. on a B-1/B-2 visitor visa in 1997 and overstayed the terms of her visa until 2007 when she voluntarily left the U.S. on her own initiative. 

We prepared a comprehensive 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver  in the form of a legal brief discussing the three legal factors set forth by Matter of Hranka, 16 I&N Dec. 491 (BIA 1978).

In the case, Matter of Hranka, 16 I&N Dec. 491 (BIA 1978), the Board of Immigration Appeals reversed a district director’s denial of a waiver application filed by a Canadian woman who had been deported for engaging in prostitution and admitted to previous heroin use.  She filed her application only two years after having been deported.  She requested entry to visit relatives and engage in various tourist activities.

In overturning the district director’s decision to deny the application, the BIA accepted as proof of rehabilitation letters from the applicant’s mother, and the principal of the high school the applicant had attended, who is a psychologist.  It held that the applicant’s reasons for entering the United States need not be compelling.  The BIA articulated three criteria for granting a waiver under INA 212(d)(3)

1.      The risks of harm in admitting the applicant;

2.      The seriousness of the acts that caused the inadmissibility; and

3.      The importance of the applicant’s reason for seeking entry.

Both Department of State and the Foreign Affairs Manual specify that any nonimmigrant may request a waiver as long as his or her presence would not be detrimental to the United States.  They provide that “while the exercise of discretion and good judgment is essential, generally, consular officers may recommend waivers for any legitimate purpose such as family visits, medical treatment (whether or not available abroad), business conferences, tourism, etc.” See 22 CFR 40.301 Foreign Affairs Manual (FAM) 40.301 N3.  Furthermore, the Admissibility Review Office has confirmed that it will follow and adhere to Matter of Hranka in adjudicating requests for INA 212(d)(3) waivers.

In our client’s case, we addressed each of the factors laid out by Matter of Hranka emphasizing the importance of our client’s reason for entering the U.S.: namely, to be a caregiver and parent over her three U.S. citizen children as they obtain a U.S. education as is their birth right.

We emphasized that her husband would remain back in their country of residence while she and the children travel to the U.S. during the academic school year.  We also showed that the family intended to return to Europe during the children’s summer vacations and outlined extensive ties to their country of residence including business operations, property ownership, familiar connections, and financial assets.

We highlighted a number of factors demonstrating the extenuating circumstances of our client’s initial overstay in the U.S., her good moral character and rehabilitation, and concrete proof that she poses no risk of harm should she be allowed to re-enter the U.S.

These factors included the political and economic turmoil in Eastern Europe that caused her to remain in the U.S. beyond the period of her authorized stay; her voluntary exit from the United States to continue a life with her husband back in Europe; her productive career as a nursing assistant since her departure from the U.S.; and her role as a loving mother to her U.S. citizen children together with her heightened concern for their education and future.

Based upon these factors, my client was approved for the 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver by the Admissibility Review Office in Washington D.C., and subsequently, for the B-1/B-2 Visitor Visa.  These types of cases are difficult to get approved due to the tendency of US consular officers to attribute “immigrant intent” to non-immigrant visa applicants and consequently, refuse recommendation of the 212(d)(3) waiver.

Due to our extensive preparation of the waiver and steps taken to ensure its adequate consideration and review by the U.S. consulate, our client is now able to enter the United States with her three U.S. citizen children.

With careful planning, she will be able to remain lawfully in the U.S. while her children obtain a U.S. education during the academic school year.

212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver and Humanitarian Parole – Client Review by Stuart L.

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All client testimonials are written by my former clients who you may request to contact and speak with, depending upon their personal schedules and preferences.

I was concerned about using the internet to find a lawyer, but persuaded by the great reviews of Michael Cho’s work. The reviews are right on the mark. Michael called back immediately, and was careful to warn me that visa waivers are hard to get (the opposite of a hard sell). He is hard working, responsive and quite brilliant. I have never read work as well composed as his cover letter for the application I was working on. To top all of this, his fees are very reasonable. It looks like the application is now successful. I had paid a lot more in the past for poor quality work by a locally recommended firm. I appreciate Michael enormously and am so glad that I trusted internet reviews! A great lawyer.

Stuart L.

Current Processing Times for the 212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver

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212(d)(3) Waiver Processing Times

The American Immigration Lawyers Association has provided an update on current processing times for the 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver that coincides with the experiences of my clients who I have prepared and filed non-immigrant waivers for.

Waivers submitted at Land Border Ports of Entry (generally for Canadians filing 212(d)(3) waivers in conjunction with the Form I-192): The Admissibility Review Office is reporting at least 130 days from the date of receipt of the waiver application to reach a decision.  A full review of circumstances may take up to six months or longer depending on the complexity of the situation and completeness of the application.

Waivers submitted at U.S. Consulates: The Admissibility Review Office is reporting at least 130 days from submission by the U.S. Department of State.

For further information, please refer to detailed information on the 212(d)(3) waiver and my legal services for non-immigrant waiver clients.

You may also review detailed  information on the 212(d)(3) waiver filing and decision-making process.

Consular Recommendation of the 212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver Application to the CBP

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Relevant Factors for the 212(d)(3) Waiver

INA Section § 212(d)(3)(A) of the Immigration and Nationality Act states in relevant part:

Except as provided in this subsection, an alien (i) who is applying for a nonimmigrant visa and is known or believed by the consular officer to be ineligible for such visa under subsection (a) (other than paragraphs (3)(A)(i)(I), (3)(A)(ii), (3)(A)(iii), (3)(C), and clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (3)(E) of such subsection), may, after approval by the Attorney General of a recommendation by the Secretary of State or by the consular officer that the alien be admitted temporarily despite his inadmissibility, be granted such a visa and may be admitted into the United States temporarily as a nonimmigrant in the discretion of the Attorney General, or (ii) who is inadmissible under subsection (a) (other than paragraphs (3)(A)(i)(I), (3)(A)(ii), (3)(A)(iii), (3)(C), and clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (3)(E) of such subsection), but who is in possession of appropriate documents or is granted a waiver thereof and is seeking admission, may be admitted into the United States temporarily as a nonimmigrant in the discretion of the Attorney General. The Attorney General shall prescribe conditions, including exaction of such bonds as may be necessary, to control and regulate the admission and return of inadmissible aliens applying for temporary admission under this paragraph.

INA §212(d)(3)(A) thus waives virtually all inadmissibility grounds for non-immigrants including:

  • health-related grounds (communicable disease, mental illness, drug abuser or addict);
  • criminal grounds (including crimes involving mortal turpitude, multiple criminal convictions, drug violations, and prostitution);
  • likelihood of becoming a public charge;
  • immigration violations (including failure to attend removal proceedings, misrepresentation, false claims of citizenship, alien smuggling, aiding and abetting unlawful employment, student visa abusers, and overstays subject to three– and ten-year bars);
  • grounds covering persons ordered removed upon arrival, unlawful voters, and U.S. citizens who renounced citizenship to avoid taxation; and
  • involvement in terrorist activities and association with terrorist organizations.

212(d)(3) non-immigrant waivers by visa applicants are generally filed at a U.S. consulate or embassy abroad.  Visa exempt nationals such as Canadians generally have to file in advance of their date of travel at a CBP-designated port of entry or pre-clearance office.  All 212(d)(3) waiver applications are then forwarded to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s Admissibility Review Office in Washington D.C.  Thus, it is not the U.S. Department State or the USCIS that ultimately makes the decision to approve or deny a 212(d)(3) waiver.  It is U.S. Customs and Border Protection.

The CBP ARO does consider the same factors used by the U.S. Department State when reviewing 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver applications but is not bound by them.  Specifically, the ARO will first look at whether the 212(d)(3) waiver was “recommended” by the U.S. consular officer.  In making a recommendation to CBP, State Department officers are instructed to include:

• The relevant humanitarian, political, economic or public relations factors;

• a statement (where applicable) that DOS is satisfied the alien has a residence abroad which he or she has no intention of abandoning;

• a statement that the alien is properly classified as a nonimmigrant;

• the officer’s precise recommendation and the reasons therefor.

Consular officers are also instructed that a 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver may be requested (except as precluded by statute) for any nonimmigrant alien whose presence would not be detrimental to the United States and that the law does not require that recommendations be limited to exceptional, humanitarian or national interest cases.

In fact, consular officers are instructed to exercise discretion and good judgment but may recommend waivers “for any legitimate purpose such as family visits, medical treatment (whether or not available abroad), business conferences, tourism, etc.”

In my experience however, some consular officers are not familiar with the 212(d)(3) waiver process.  I have had cases where thoroughly prepared 212(d)(3) waiver packages were initially not accepted by the consular officer at the visa interview; only to be accepted a few days later after repeated inquiries by my office and another visit by the applicant to the consulate.  It is important to be clear, concise, and persistent in these matters.

Once the 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver is received by the ARO, the reviewing officer at the CBP considers all of the above and also considers that the Congress has deemed these aliens inadmissible to the United States.  In considering the waiver, the CBP officer will weigh the benefit, if any, to the United States should the waiver be granted.  In situations where the proposed visit is for the purpose of medical treatment, the CBP officer will consider whether such treatment is available to the alien abroad.  Above all, CBP officers are reminded that granting of waivers of inadmissibility grounds should not be routine and available just for the asking.  Thus, it is extremely important that every 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waiver application be well-prepared with a detailed legal and factual analysis and well-documented with essential support documents.

However, there may be instances where the consular officer refuses to “recommend” a waiver to the ARO in the first place.  This may occur when they believe a waiver recommendation is not warranted given factors such as the recency and seriousness of the crime or offense, type of disability, reasons for the proposed travel to the United States and the probable consequences, if any, to the public interests of the United States.  What many applicants (and lawyers) do not seem to realize is that there is a process in place for mandatory referrals of 212(d)(3) waiver applications to the Department of State Visa Office for consideration of a “recommendation” to the CBP ARO:

Mandatory referrals are required in the following situations:

  • Any case where it is requested by the alien or an interested party in the U.S. that it be forwarded;
  • Any case where the consular officer knows or has reason to believe that pertinent considerations not available at the post may be available to or through the Department;
  • Prior refusals;
  • Any case where the alien’s presence or activities in the U.S. might become a matter of public interest or of foreign relations significance;
  • Any case in which the Department has mandated an advisory opinion be sought;
  • The case of any alien who is a national of a country which the U.S. does not recognize or with which we have no diplomatic relations;
  • The case of any alien not classifiable under INA Section 101 (a) (15) (A) or (G) but destined on official business to the United Nations;
  • Cases of any SILEX or BUSVIS/SILEX alien and of certain CHINEX or BUSVIS/CHINEX aliens;
  • The case of any Soviet applying for an I visa;
  • Any case involving 212(a)(3)(B);
  • Any cases in which the consular officer recommends a term of greater than one year.

Having said that, the decision-making of consular officers are always given deference.  It is always better to present a strong 212(d)(3) waiver application from the beginning and communicate constructively with the consular officer to secure a recommendation to the CBP ARO.

Once a waiver is approved, they are typically approved for a one year period with multiple entries allowed.  After the first or second extension, a 5-year validity 212(d)(3) waiver can be given.  However, keep in mind that multiple entry waivers are not given to an alien who:

• Has a mental or physical disorder;
• Is a narcotic drug addict or a narcotic trafficker (multiples have been granted before in special cases with DEA/Customs/FBI involvement);
• Is afflicted with a communicable disease;
• Was convicted of a crime involving moral turpitude and is less than 5 years post-release;
• Has a prostitution related activity within 10 years of visa application.

212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver Filing Process and Procedures

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212(d)(3) Non-Immigrant Waiver Filing Process and Procedures In-Depth

Introduction to the 212(d)(3) Waiver for Non-immigrants

INA Section § 212(d)(3)(A) of the Immigration and Nationality Act states in relevant part:

Except as provided in this subsection, an alien (i) who is applying for a nonimmigrant visa and is known or believed by the consular officer to be ineligible for such visa under subsection (a) (other than paragraphs (3)(A)(i)(I), (3)(A)(ii), (3)(A)(iii), (3)(C), and clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (3)(E) of such subsection), may, after approval by the Attorney General of a recommendation by the Secretary of State or by the consular officer that the alien be admitted temporarily despite his inadmissibility, be granted such a visa and may be admitted into the United States temporarily as a nonimmigrant in the discretion of the Attorney General, or (ii) who is inadmissible under subsection (a) (other than paragraphs (3)(A)(i)(I), (3)(A)(ii), (3)(A)(iii), (3)(C), and clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (3)(E) of such subsection), but who is in possession of appropriate documents or is granted a waiver thereof and is seeking admission, may be admitted into the United States temporarily as a nonimmigrant in the discretion of the Attorney General. The Attorney General shall prescribe conditions, including exaction of such bonds as may be necessary, to control and regulate the admission and return of inadmissible aliens applying for temporary admission under this paragraph.

INA §212(d)(3)(A) thus waives virtually all inadmissibility grounds for non-immigrants including:

  • health-related grounds (communicable disease, mental illness, drug abuser or addict);
  • criminal grounds (including crimes involving mortal turpitude, multiple criminal convictions, drug violations, and prostitution);
  • likelihood of becoming a public charge;
  • immigration violations (including failure to attend removal proceedings, misrepresentation, false claims of citizenship, alien smuggling, aiding and abetting unlawful employment, student visa abusers, and overstays subject to three– and ten-year bars);
  • grounds covering persons ordered removed upon arrival, unlawful voters, and U.S. citizens who renounced citizenship to avoid taxation; and
  • involvement in terrorist activities and association with terrorist organizations.

The only grounds of inadmissibility not waived are certain security-related grounds:

  • espionage or sabotage or “any other unlawful activity”
  • overthrow of the U.S. government by force
  • inadmissibility on foreign policy grounds; and
  • participation in genocide or Nazi persecution

The ARO also consistently issues denials for waiver applications filed by sexual offenders such as sexual predators, pedophiles, and incest offenders.  The ARO relies upon the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act’s three-tier classification of sexual offenders and its mandates for tier-based registration periods.

Legal Requirements of the § 212(d)(3) Waiver

The three criteria for granting a waiver under § 212(d)(3) are set forth in the precedent decision Matter of Hranka:

1. The risks of harm in admitting the applicant

2. The seriousness of the acts that caused the inadmissibility

3. The importance of the applicant’s reason for seeking entry.

In practice, the Admissibility Review Office in Washington D.C. will consider a number of factors in exercising discretion concerning the seriousness of the acts that caused the inadmissibility including:

  • the nature of the underlying offense that makes the applicant inadmissible;
  • the circumstances that led to the offense;
  • the recency of the offense;
  • whether the offense was isolated or part of a pattern of misconduct; and,
  • especially in criminal cases, whether there is evidence of reformation and rehabilitation.

The ARO will also determine the risk of harm if the applicant is admitted by considering factors that include:

  • the threat of terrorism or related activities,
  • whether there is a likelihood of continuing criminal activity,
  • whether admission will contribute to the illegal alien population, and
  • whether there is a risk to the general health in the United States.

212(d)(3)(A) Waiver Application Process

§ 212(d)(3) non-immigrant waivers are filed either at the U.S. consulate with jurisdiction of your place of residence or at a U.S. port of entry.

Filing waivers at U.S. Consulates Abroad

Each consulate has its own preferred method of accepting 212(d)(3)(A) waivers for consideration.  There is no specific form or filing fee for the 212(d)(3)(A) waiver application.  I always prepare a detailed legal memorandum detailing the merits of the case and how they meet the standards set forth in Matter of Hranka, the Foreign Affairs Manual, and other sources relied upon by the ARO.  The consular officer will review your visa application and make an initial finding of inadmissibility.

As part of this process, the consular officer will first check to make sure that the following conditions are met:

  1. The applicant is not inadmissible under INA 214(b) (i.e. does not have immigrant intent)
  2. The applicant is not inadmissible under INA 212(a)(3)(A)(i)(I), INA 212(a)(3)(A)(ii), INA 212(a)(3)(A)(iii), INA 212(a)(3)(C), or INA 212(a)(3)(E) (covering security-related grounds of inadmissibility)
  3. The applicant is not seeking a waiver of the non-immigrant documentary requirements of INA 212(a)(7)(B), which may only be waived under the provisions of INA 212(d)(4); and
  4. The applicant is, otherwise, qualified for the non-immigrant visa he or she is seeking.

If the consular officer decides to make a favorable recommendation for a waiver, they will forward the recommendation to the ARO by typing the request into an electronic form and submitting it electronically.  The ARO has access to the information on the Consular Consolidated Database so the waiver statement and supporting documents scanned into the system can also be accessed by the ARO.

The ARO will review the waiver recommendation and submit its response to the consular post through the Consular Consolidated Database along with an e-mail notification to the appropriate consular post.

Although the ARO can provide decisions in 30 days or less, it is my experience that approvals can take up to five months due to various government security clearances.

Filing waivers at a U.S. Port of Entry

Filings at the U.S. port of entry is most relevant for visa-exempt nationals such as Canadians and requires use of the Form I-192.  Applications submitted to the CBP generally have to be filed in advance of the date of intended travel at a CBP-designated port of entry or pre-clearance office.  The 212(d)(3)(A) waiver using Form I-192 is then forwarded to the ARO for adjudication.  It can take 5-6 months for a decision.

The criteria by which the I-192 waiver for Canadians (pursuant to INA 212(d)(3)) is judged is the same as those set forth in Matter of Hranka described above.

In addition to a detailed memorandum discussing the merits of your non-immigrant waiver application in light of the legal criteria set forth in Matter of Hranka, your waiver package should also include the following:

  • Evidence of your citizenship.
  • Completed Form I-192 signed and submitted by you (no copies).
  • A properly executed Form G-28, if a lawyer like myself is representing you on the I-192 waiver application.
  • U.S. Fingerprint card FD-258. This fingerprint card will be completed by a U.S. CBP Officer at the time of submission of your application.
  • A Form G-325A completed and signed by you.
  • If you have a criminal record in any other country’s court system, you must also obtain a copy of the official court record from the actual court of conviction indicating plea indictment, conviction and disposition for each and every crime.  If such record is not available, you must obtain an official letter from the court of jurisdiction stating the reason why a copy of the record is not available.
  • Canadians must obtain verification of your criminal record or evidence of a lack thereof from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) by submitting your fingerprints on Form C216C.  The returned Civil Product and any accompanying records must be dated and endorsed by the RCMP within 15 months of submission with your Form I-192.  For instructions, addresses and payment information, please visit the RCMP website.

If you are inadmissible to the United States because of a criminal conviction, you should submit a statement in your own words, signed by you, explaining the circumstances of each arrest, conviction, and sentence or fine imposed.

In addition, the I-192 waiver should be accompanied by evidence of your reformation of character or rehabilitation such as counseling or rehabilitation programs completed, current employment, marital status, community service etc., or any other information you wish to be considered and you believe strengthens your request.

If you are inadmissible for one of the Health Related grounds identified in the INA, e.g., drug user or addict, you will need to provide evidence of treatment/rehabilitation.  Such evidence shall include, but may not be limited to, the following: A recent drug test; credible, verifiable evidence related to rehabilitative history; statement from the applicant making clear his/her commitment to refrain from using controlled substances in the United States; credible, verifiable evidence outlining subject’s program for substitution therapy/treatment and/or continued care relative to his/her drug use/addiction if allowed to enter the United States.

If you have been found inadmissible under section 212(a)(9)(B) of the INA (unlawfully present in the United States)  the following detailed information should be submitted regarding

  • Current foreign employment.
  • Previous U.S. employment.
  • Family members presently living in the United States.
  • Past and current United States and/or foreign business investments.
  • Any and all ties you have to your present foreign country/residence.

Validity of Approved 212(d)(3)(A) Waivers

Waivers can be approved for single or multiple entries.  First time waivers are generally granted only for a one year period.  After one or two one-year waivers, a five-year waiver may be granted.  An approved waiver will be annotated on the applicant’s visa with “212(d)(3)(A)” followed by the number of the paragraph of INA 212(a) which has been waived, the duration of stay that has been authorized, the port of entry (if specified in the order), and an indication of the purpose of the entry.

Form I-192 waiver approvals will specify one or more non-immigrant visa categories for which the 212(d)(3)(A) waiver has been approved.  It does not authorize admission in any other non-immigrant visa category not noted in the conditions attached to the approval.

212(d)(3)(A)waiver approvals are not renewed.  A new application and approval are required each time when it expires.  However, applicants inside the United States pursuant to an approved Form I-192 waiver do not have to leave the U.S. to apply for a new waiver.  They can travel to a port of entry inside the United States to submit a new waiver application.

A change or extension of status in the United States can be filed by non-immigrants who are inside the United States with an approved 212(d)(3)(A) waiver.  However, the previously granted waiver may be reviewed during adjudication of the application to change or extend status.

Appeals

For applicants who apply for 212(d)(3)(A) waivers through a U.S. consular post, denial of 212(d)(3)(A) non-immigrant waiver applications cannot be appealed.  The applicant can ask the consular officer why the application was denied but the consular officer may not issue a written explanation.  The applicant can re-apply and the passage of time or additional evidence may lead to approval in the future.

Form I-192 waiver applicants (typically from Canada) will be notified of the reasons for the denial as well as their rights to appeal to the Board of Immigration Appeals.

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